Ubuyobozi buhebuje kuri ifu ya aluminium: Kugaragaza imbaraga zayo no kugabanya ingaruka

Murakaza neza mu kwibira byimbitse mu isi ya Aluminium ifu. Birashoboka ko wahuye nibisabwa mubuzima bwa buri munsi, uhereye kumasiganwa meza kubikoresho byubwubatsi. Ariko ibi bintu bihuriyeho bitanga imbaraga zihishe zisaba kubaha no gusobanukirwa. Nka nyiri uruganda, Allen, hamwe nimirongo irindwi yumusaruro yeguriwe kubaka ibikoresho, nakoranye nabo aluminium Kumyaka myinshi, cyane cyane mugukora imitwe miremire yoroheje kuri beto. Iyi ngingo yavutse muri ubwo bunararibonye. Tuzasesengura imitungo ya ifu ya aluminium, uruhare rwarwo munganda, kandi icy'ingenzi, protocole yumutekano ikenewe kugirango iyikemure. Niba uri umukozi ushinzwe gutanga amasoko nka nyiri sosiyete yubwubatsi, cyangwa umushyitsi wubwubatsi, gusobanukirwa nibice ntabwo ari kubahiriza umutekano - bijyanye no kubona umutekano, ubuziranenge, no gutsinda. Aka gatabo kazaguha ubumenyi bwingenzi mugukora ibyemezo byuzuye no gukora ibi bikomeye ifu y'ibyuma hamwe nubuhanga burasaba.

Ifu ya Aluminium ni iki kandi ikorwa ite?

Ifu ya aluminium ni mubyukuri aluminium Ibyuma byatunganijwe muburyo bwiza, granular. Tekereza nk'ifu, ariko bikozwe mu buryo bworoshye cyane ibyuma. Igikorwa cyo gukora gisanzwe kirimo gushonga cyane-ubuziranenge aluminium Anatets hanyuma ubashyireho. Mu isonga, umugezi washongeshejwe ibyuma yamenetse nindege zihatizi zo mu kirere cyangwa inert gaze (nka azote). Uku gutatanya amazi ibyuma mu bitonyanga bito bikomera mu byiza ifu uko bakonje. Ibisubizo ibice imiterere irashobora kugenzurwa muriki gikorwa, akenshi bikavamo a spherical cyangwa imiterere idasanzwe bitewe nibisabwa.

Ibiranga byanyuma ifu bitwarwa cyane nuburyo bwo gukora. Ibintu nkibipimo bikonje hamwe na gaze itoroshye igena Ingano Ikwirakwizwa, nikintu gikomeye. Impumuro nziza ifu hamwe na ntoya Ingano (akenshi bipimwa muri Micron cyangwa μm) ifite nini cyane ahantu hashyizwe hejuru kuri buri gice cya misa. Ibi byiyongereye ahantu hashyizwe hejuru nibyo bituma ifu ingirakamaro cyane mubisubizo byimiti ariko nanone byiyongereye cyane Gutongana n'ubushobozi ibyago. Mu ruganda rwacu, twe gusya no kugenzura witonze Ingano Kugirango habeho imikorere ihamye mubicuruzwa byacu, kuva pigmemene kugeza kuri kabuhariwe aluminium paste kuri beto ya aerad.

Kuki ifu ya aluminium imaze gutandukana?

Ibanze ibyago bifitanye isano Ifu ya Alumininum ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora urugomo umuriro cyangwa guturika. Ibi biti biva mu buryo butaziguye imitungo. Guhagarika umutima aluminium ni umutekano; Urashobora kuyifata, ubushyuhe, kandi ntibizagenda byoroshye gutwika. Ariko, iyo urenze kuri miliyari kuri miliyari zibice bito, ukange cyane ubuso bwahuye na ogisijeni. Iyi ndende ahantu hashyizwe hejuru ikora ifu byinshi byoroheje kandi byoroshye kuri gutwika.

Iyo ibi ifu ikwirakwizwa mu kirere, irashobora gukora igicu cyaka. Niba iki gicu gihuye na Inkomoko, ibisubizo birashobora kuba bibi cyane guturika. The gutwikwa Umuhengeri urashobora gutembera mu gicu kumuvuduko udasanzwe, utanga igitutu nubushyuhe bwinshi, bushobora biganisha ku byangiritse ku mutungo, ibikomere bikabije, cyangwa urupfu. Niyo mpamvu ikigo icyo aricyo cyose kirimo Ifu ya Aluminium Ugomba kubifata hamwe no kwitonda cyane. Ibyago ntabwo aribintu; Amateka yinganda yuzuyemo ingero zo guturika ivumbi, kandi aluminium ni imwe mu mukungugu w'icyuma gikomeye ibyago.

Nigute ifu ya aluminium itwara amazi kugirango itange gaze hydrognan?

Kimwe mu bintu bikomeye cyane bya chimique ya aluminium ni reaction yayo n'amazi. Mugihe igice gikomeye cya aluminium bigaragara mumazi adasanzwe kubera kurinda oxide Igice, ifu ya aluminium yitwara muburyo butandukanye. Ibice byiza birashobora kubyitwaramo n'amazi (H₂o) muri a reaction yimiti Kuri kubyara hydrogen gaze (h₂) na aluminium oxide. Iyi reaction ni ubwumvikane, bivuze ko irekura ubushyuhe, burashobora kwihutisha reaction. Ikigereranyo gisa nkiki:

2al (s) + 3h₂o (l) → al₂o₃ (s) + 3h₂ (g) + ubushyuhe

Iyi myitwarire gusa ikoreshwa mu nganda zubwubatsi kugirango ireme beto. Muri twe Aluminium paste kuri beto ya aerad, tugenzura iyi myitwarire neza. The ifu ya aluminium reacts ifite amazi na lime muri beto imvange Kuri kubyara nto hydrogen bubbles. Ibi bibero bikora imiterere yoroheje, yo kwigarurira muri beto, biva mubicuruzwa nkacu bikabije aac. Ariko, hanze yiyi nzira yagenzuwe, umusaruro utagenzuwe wa hydrogen ni bikabije ibyago. Hydrogen ni byiza cyane Akaya gaze ishobora gukora an imvange iturika n'umuyaga. Niba Hydrogen irashobora kwegeranya Mu gace gahuje nabi, ndetse numubatsi muto ushobora gutera akaga guturika.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gutwika insimburangingo ku gitambaro cya aluminium?

Kuri an ifu ya aluminium kubaho, ibice bibiri byibanze birakenewe: Igicu cyatatanye cya ifu iburyo kwibanda na an Inkomoko. Kumenya no kugenzura amakuru yo gutwika ni imfuruka yumutekano. The Ingufu asabwa gushiraho an aluminium Igicu cyumukungugu kirashobora gucika intege.

Amakuru rusange yo gutwika arimo:

• Gufungura umuriro: Isuku yo gusudira, amatara yindege, cyangwa na Littette ya Lit irashobora gutwika igicu.
• Ibishishwa:
  • Ibishishwa bya mashini: Byakozwe kuva mu makimbirane, nk'igikoresho gikubita hejuru y'icyuma. Ukoresheje ibikoresho bitarimo ibisigazwa bikozwe mubikoresho nka umuringa cyangwa umuringa ni ngombwa.
  • Ibishishwa by'amashanyarazi: Windi, UNED ibice by'amashanyarazi, cyangwa imikorere isanzwe ya switches na moto irashobora gukora ibishishwa. Byose amashanyarazi Ibikoresho mu turere twangiza bigomba kugenerwa mu kirere giturika.
• Amashanyarazi ahamye: Kugenda no gufata ifu irashobora kubyara bifite akamaro static kwishyuza. Niba iki kirego kidashizweho neza, birashoboka gusohora nk'ikibatsi gifite umusaruro uhagije ingufu gutera an gutwika. Guhuza bikwiye no guhuza ibikoresho byose ni ngombwa kuri gutandukana iki kirego.
• Ubushyuhe: Byera gutwika gukusanya aluminium umukungugu.

Nkumupfumu, burigihe mpangagira inama abakiriya nkikimenyetso cyo gukora isesengura ryuzuye ryibikoresho byabo. Ugomba gutekereza ko igicu cyumukungugu gishobora gukora no kwibandaho ubudahwema kurandura ibishoboka byose Inkomoko.

Ifu ya Aluminium irashobora gutwika gutwika? Uruhare rwa oxide

Igitekerezo cyibintu bikabora urumuri udafite hanze Inkomoko ni impungenge, kandi hamwe ifu ya aluminium, birashoboka mubihe bimwe. Iki kintu kijyanye no kurinda oxide urwego rusanzwe rukora hejuru ya aluminium. Ibi bidasanzwe aluminium oxide (Al₂o₃) nibyo mubisanzwe birinda Uwiteka ibyuma Dufatiye ku bidukikije, harimo na ogisijeni mu kirere. Ikora nk'ingabo ipanze.

Ariko, niba ibi oxide Igice cyangiritse cyangwa niba ifu ni byiza cyane (kwiyongera Gutongana), mbisi Aluminium Irashobora gutangira kuri okiside vuba. Inzira ya okiside iraryamye, irekura ubushyuhe. Niba ubu bushyuhe bwakozwe vuba kuruta uko bushobora gutandukana mubidukikije - Kurugero, mugice kinini, kitarangwamo ifu-Ubushyuhe burashobora kuzamuka kugeza aho kwicaragurika. Kubaho kwa kwanduza, nk'iyumushuro (umwuka mwiza) cyangwa izindi miti yitonze, irashobora kwihutisha iyi nzira no kongera birashoboka y'impanuka. Ibi bishimangira akamaro ko kubika neza no guharanira ifu ikomeza gukama kandi idafite icyaricyo cyose umwanda.

Niki giturika mu mukungugu kandi kikoreshwa gute kuri powder ya aluminium?

Umukungugu guturika ni byihuse gutwikwa y'intwari nziza yahagaritswe mu kirere ahantu hafunze. Kugira ngo ibi bibeho, ibintu bitanu, akenshi byitwa "Guturika Umukungugu Pentagoni," bigomba kuba uhari:

1. Lisansi: Umukungugu waka (nka ifu ya aluminium)
2. Oxidizer: Ogisijeni mu kirere
3. Inkomoko y'Igihimbano: Ikibatsi, urumuri, cyangwa ubuso bushyushye
4. Gutatanya: Umukungugu ugomba guhagarikwa mu kirere ahagije kwibanda.
5. Confunent: The guturika ni ugusenya cyane mumwanya ufunze, nkicyumba cyangwa igikoresho, aho igitutu gishobora kubaka.

Iyo an gutwika bibaho mu gicu cyumukungugu, the urumuri Amoko y'imbere kuva umwe ibice Kuri Ibikurikira, Gukora manini kandi hafi yo kurekura ingufu. Ibi bitera umuhengeri-mwinshi ushobora gusenya inyubako nibikoresho. Ikintu runaka kibi cyane ni ingaruka za kabiri guturika. Intangiriro, ntoya guturika Urashobora kwikuramo umukungugu mwinshi watuye hejuru, ukora igicu kinini kandi cyangiza cyane igicu cya kabiri cyangiza gicamo. Niyo mpamvu mukubanze urugo mukurinda umukungugu Kurinda ni ibintu-cyangwa-urupfu. Umukungugu muto, urasa nkaho utagira ingaruka, urashobora guhinduka lisansi kubikorwa bibi.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kugenzura (nka NFPA) bugenga uburyo bwa aluminimu?

Urebye akamaro ibyago, gutunganya ifu ya aluminium yagenzuwe cyane. Muri Amerika, ishyirahamwe ry'igihugu ririnze umuriro (Nfpa) itanga ibipimo bikomeye cyane. Byinshi Nfpa Kode ifite akamaro, ariko icy'ingenzi ni Nfpa 652, Bisanzwe kurwego rwumukungugu waka. Ibi bipimo bishyiraho ibisabwa byibanze kugirango ducunge umukungugu wadukamba Amazi meza n'ibisasu hakurya y'inganda zose.

Byongeye kandi, Nfpa 484, Ibipimo byo Gutwika Ibyuma, itanga ubuyobozi bwihariye kandi burambuye kubibyuma nka aluminium, magnesium, na Titanium. Ibi bipimo bikubiyemo ibintu byose mu kubaka ibitekerezo nibikoresho ibikoresho muri sisitemu yo gukusanya umukungugu, inzira yo murugo, hamwe namahugurwa yumukozi. Kubahiriza Nfpa Ibipimo bisabwa kenshi na code yumuriro byaho hamwe nabatwara ubwishingizi. Kuri nyirubwite nka Mark, agenzura ko utanga isoko yumva kandi akurikiza amahame avugwa muribi Ubuyobozi Imikorere nintambwe ikomeye yo gupfuka umufatanyabikorwa. Irerekana komeza umutekano urenze kugurisha ibicuruzwa gusa. Muri sosiyete yacu, Btzmoc, twe injeniyeri inzira zacu hamwe nibipimo byisi yose mubitekerezo, tubikemure umutekano wikipe yacu no kwizerwa kubicuruzwa byacu.

Nigute ushobora gukora neza no kubika ifu ya aluminium kugirango ugabanye ingaruka?

Gukora neza nububiko ntibyaganirwaho. Bitangirana nibitekerezo byo gukumira. Intambwe yose, kuva kwakira ibyoherejwe kugirango ukoreshe ifu Mubikorwa, bigomba gutegurwa neza. Mu gihe ubwikorezi, ibintu bigomba kuba bikomeye, bifunze, kandi byanditse neza nka biteye akaga ibikoresho. Umaze kubonana, kugenzura ibintu kubintu byose byangiritse.

Kubika, ifu ya aluminium bigomba kubikwa ahantu hakonje, k-yumye, uhumeka neza, kure yibikoresho bidahuye nka aside, ibishingwe, na oxishizers. Agace k'ububiko kagomba kuba inyubako yitandukanije cyangwa icyumba gifite ubwubatsi burwanya umuriro. Amazi ni umwanzi ukomeye; Agace k'ububiko kagomba kurindwa imvura, kunyuka (keretse iyo gahunda yihariye D ihari), n'andi masoko yose y'ubushuhe. Koresha amazi tarp Kugitwikira by'agateganyo niba bikenewe. Gufata byose bigomba gukorwa nibikoresho bidasumba, kandi abakozi bagomba kwambara ibikoresho bikwiye byihariye (PPE), harimo no kwambara ikirango hamwe nubucuruzi bwubuhumekero. Kurinda ibicu byo kwivuza kuva gushinga ni urufunguzo, rero kora ifu witonze kandi ukoreshe sisitemu yo guhumeka kugirango ufate umukungugu uwo ari we wese watorotse mbere yuko bishoboka kwegeranya.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kurwanya umuriro ku muriro wa Aluminium?

Kurwanya an Aluminium Umuriro utandukanye rwose no kurwanya umuriro usanzwe. Ntuzigere ukoresha amazi, ifuro, cyangwa dioxyde de karuboni (co₂) kuzimya. Gushyira mu bikorwa amazi bizatera reaction yubukazi, kurekura ibisasu hydrogen gaze no gukora ibintu bibi cyane. Karubone dioxyde irashobora kandi reba hamwe no gutwikwa aluminium. Uyu ni umuriro wicyiciro

Uburyo bwiza nuguhindura buhoro buhoro umuriro. Koresha icyiciro D ongera umukozi, mubisanzwe byumye ifu nka g-1 (igishushanyo) cyangwa guhura-l-x (sodium chloride-ishingiye). Aba bakozi bakora mugukora igikonho hejuru yaka ibyuma, guca ogisijeni no kubyemerera gukonja. Niba ibyiciro D uzimya, umusenyi wumye, soda ash, cyangwa amabuye arashobora gukoreshwa kugirango atwike yitonze kandi ahumeka umuriro. Icyangombwa ni ugukoresha umukozi witonze kugirango wirinde guhungabanya gutwika ifu no gukora igicu. Abakozi bose bakorana ifu ya aluminium igomba gutozwa kuriyi ngingo yihariye ibyago kandi umenye aho hantu kandi ukoresha neza amasomo d etars. An Iperereza ku mpanuka Mu ijoro ryinshi ry'inganda zerekanye ko ukoresheje kuzimya nabi ari ikosa risanzwe kandi ribabaje.

Guhitamo Utanga isoko Yizewe: Impamvu Ubwiza no Guhuza Ifu ya Aluminium

Kubwumukozi ushinzwe gutanga amasoko, guhitamo abatanga ni kwifuza. Mugihe igiciro nikintu, ubuziranenge no guhuzagurika biri aho agaciro nyako ibinyoma, cyane cyane hamwe nibintu byoroshye nka ifu ya aluminium. Ubwiza budahuye bushobora kuganisha ku bibazo byumusaruro n'umutekano ibyago. Kurugero, gutandukana muri Ingano Ikwirakwizwa rishobora guhindura igipimo cya hydrogen Gukora gaze, biganisha ku bisubizo bitateganijwe mumusaruro wa AAC cyangwa Umucyo woroshye alc. Bidahuye ibice bisobanura ubuziranenge budahuye.

Utanga isoko yizewe atanga ibirenze ingoma ya ifu. Batanga icyizere. Ibi bivuze:

• Igenzura ryiza: Impapuro zifatika zerekana gushikama Ingano, ubuziranenge, n'ubushuhe buke.
• Umudendezo wo kwanduza: Guharanira ifu ni ubuntu umwanda nka icyuma cyangwa magnesium ibyo bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubikorwa cyangwa umutekano. Turagerageza buri ntebe yo kwemeza ubuziranenge.
• Gupakira hamwe nibikoresho: Gupakira neza birinda ubushuhe kwinjiza n'ibyangiritse mu gihe ubwikorezi.
• Inkunga ya tekiniki no gukorera mu mucyo: Umufatanyabikorwa wumva gusaba kwawe kandi arashobora gutanga ubuyobozi kumikorere myiza no gukoresha. Ubu ni bwo buhanga twe, nk'ahantu Uruganda rufite imirongo 7, uzane abakiriya bacu.

Amaherezo, ubuziranenge ifu ya aluminium kwemeza reaction yimiti, ibidukikije bishinzwe umutekano, hamwe nibicuruzwa byanyuma. Nishoramari mu kwizerwa n'umutekano wishyura inyungu nyuma ya fagitire ikemuka.

Urufunguzo rwibanze rwo kwibuka

• Ifu ya aluminium ni akaga gakomeye. Ihazabu ibice Ingano ituma itondekanya cyane kandi ikora bikomeye ibyago byo kurasa cyangwa guturika.
• Amazi ni ibintu biteye akaga. Ifu ya aluminium yitabwaho n'amazi kuri umusaruro cyane hydrogène gaze. Ntuzigere ukoresha amazi kugirango urwanye an aluminium umuriro.
• Kugenzura umukungugu no gutwika amasoko. "Guturika mu mukungugu Pentagon" biratwigisha ko kwirinda ibicu by'imvura no gukuraho ibishishwa, umuriro, kandi birakomeye ni ngombwa.
• Kurikiza ibipimo ngenderwaho. Kubahiriza Nfpa Ibipimo nka 652 na 484 ni ngombwa kugirango ukore neza.
• Koresha ibikoresho byiza. Buri gihe ukoreshe icyiciro d kuzimya umuriro kuri ibyuma umuriro nibikoresho bitarimo ibishushanyo byo gukora.
• Utanga ubuziranenge ni umutekano. Guhitamo utanga isoko azwi komeza bihamye Ingano, ubuziranenge, hamwe nibipfunyika bikwiye nibyingenzi kugirango ducirize ibyago no kubungabunga ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.